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Which of the following best conveys the essence of learning curves?


A) As the number of repetitions increases,time per unit increases.
B) As the number of repetitions decreases,time per unit increases.
C) As the number of repetitions increases,time per unit decreases.
D) As the number of repetitions increases,time per unit remains constant.
E) As the number of repetitions increases,time per unit doubles.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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To use the table of learning-curve coefficients,you must specify ________ and ________.

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the learning curve r...

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A learning curve:


A) plots man-hours per dollar versus time.
B) is mathematically described by a parabola.
C) should be plotted on polar coordinate graph paper.
D) is based on the premise that organizations learn from experience.
E) follows a normal distribution.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following is a limitation of the use of learning curves?


A) Change in personnel,design,or procedure leave the learning curve unchanged.
B) Learning curves are applicable to services as well as to manufacturing.
C) The culture of the workplace may alter the learning curve.
D) Direct labor and indirect labor follow the same learning curves.
E) Applications of learning curves are of tactical,not strategic,importance.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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The second unit of production took 9 hours.If the learning curve is 90% how long did the first unit take?


A) 9 hours
B) 10 hours
C) 8.1 hours
D) 8.5 hours
E) none of the above

F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

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The fundamental premise underlying learning curve analysis is that:


A) tasks can be easily learned in organizations.
B) organizations and people become better at their tasks as the tasks are repeated.
C) learning takes place when people in organizations change.
D) total labor costs decrease as the number of production units increases.
E) doubling output cuts labor requirements per unit in half.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The learning curve may not be permanent; it can be disrupted by changes in process,personnel,or product.

A) True
B) False

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A contractor builds large ships for the Department of Defense.A recent contract called for 12 amphibious landing platforms.It was originally estimated that the first of these would cost $1 billion and that 80 percent learning would be appropriate.In fact,the first ship cost $1.6 billion and the second $1.12 billion.What is the revised learning curve? What will be the total cost of the twelve ships? Is it higher or lower than the original estimate? If the defense department cuts the contract from 12 ships to 9,what happens to the average cost per ship?

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The original estimates called for $1 bil...

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A defense contractor has just started producing engines for a new government contract.The first engine took 800 hours to produce.If the learning curve is 80%,how long will it take to produce the first 20 engines?


A) less than or equal to 1000 hours
B) from 1000 to 8000 hours
C) from 8000 to 8500 hours
D) from 8500 to 10000 hours
E) 10,000 or more hours

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Your firm has expertise with a special type of hand-finished furniture.The learning curve is known to be 82%.If the first piece of furniture took 6 hours,how long will it take to make the second? How long will it take to make the fourth?

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Use the doubling approach.The ...

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The learning curve rate is:


A) the percentage of time it will take to make each unit when the production rate doubles.
B) the log-log of the annual rate change divided by the average unit cost.
C) always based on constant value dollars.
D) only considered valid after one year of data is accumulated.
E) equal to at least 75%.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The formula approach to learning curve calculations allows us to determine the hours required for any unit.

A) True
B) False

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A project manager bases his time and labor estimates on a learning curve of 86%.The actual learning curve turns out to be 89%.The manager,because of the decreased learning,will complete his project in more time and with more labor use than his estimate suggested.

A) True
B) False

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If the learning curve for a process is 100 percent,then each unit in a series of units will have the same labor requirements.

A) True
B) False

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Suppose that there are two products with the same first product time.However,product A has an improvement rate of 10% while product B has an improvement rate of 20%.How much longer will it take to make the 10th unit of product A compared to product B?


A) Both will have the identical time for the 10th unit.
B) A will take 48% more time.
C) A will take 48% less time.
D) A will take 23% less time.
E) none of the above

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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A manager is trying to estimate the appropriate learning curve for a certain job.The manager notes that the first four units had a total time of 30 minutes.Which learning curve would yield approximately this result if the first unit took 9 minutes? (Use Table E.3.)


A) 0.70
B) 0.75
C) 0.80
D) 0.85
E) 0.90

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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A 90% learning curve implies that each time the production volume is doubled,the direct time per unit is reduced to 90% of its previous value.

A) True
B) False

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Why do different organizations have different learning curves?

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The rate of learning varies de...

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You are about to undertake the manufacture of a labor-intensive electronics component.The first unit took 300 hours.You are not sure whether the learning curve is 70% or 80%.The initial phase of the contract calls for 6 of these components. a.How much time will it take to complete all six at 70% learning? b.How much time will it take to complete all six at 80% learning?

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From Table E.3,70 percent lear...

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What cautions are in order when using learning curves?

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The cautions when using learning curves ...

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