Question 1

-In what ways are zones A and C similar to other biomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  In abiotic factors, A is similar to rivers and C is most like lakes.
B)  In species diversity, A is most like tropical rain forests and C is like temperate broadleaf forests.
C)  In sunlight, A is most like the tundra and C is like coniferous forests.
D)  In organism sizes, A is most like savannas and C is most like deserts.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 2

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
The largest estuary in the United States is the Chesapeake Bay, which extends through six states, including Maryland, Virginia, and Pennsylvania. The bay is one of the most productive natural areas in the world. It is home to thousands of plants and animals, including many commercially important species. The water of the bay is relatively shallow. Many areas are no more than 10 feet deep, with an average depth of 30 feet. Light penetrates the shallow water and supports the submerged plants that provide food and shelter for the many species living in the bay ecosystem. However, like many estuaries, the bay receives large amounts of fertilizer runoff from farms, lawns, and wastewater treatment facilities.
-Fertilizer runoff contains ________, which are the most important limiting factors for phytoplankton growth.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon and hydrogen
B)  oxygen and carbon dioxide
C)  nitrogen and phosphorus
D)  sulfur and magnesiumE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following is characteristic of the chaparral biome?

Accepted Answer

A)  dense, broadleaf shrubs
B)  low amounts of rainfall at unpredictable periods throughout the year
C)  many plants with seeds that need fire to germinate
D)  animal species limited to lizards and snakesE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Which of these is an example of natural selection acting on genetic variation resulting in evolutionary adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A)  As global warming has continued, many species that were found near the tropics have migrated either northward or southward toward the poles.
B)  During years of drought, tree rings are narrower.
C)  As the African environment became drier and the grasslands more prevalent, arched feet and non-opposable toes, both more effective for walking upright, became more common in hominins.
D)  Insect diversity in temperate broadleaf forests varies from year to year based on the amount of precipitation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Pronghorn antelopes are well adapted for dry conditions with extremes of temperature, especially cold. As global climate change causes the area where the pronghorn live to change, not only in temperature but also in what plants grow there and what predators and prey live there, what is likely to happen to the pronghorn?

Accepted Answer

A)  The animals will learn to eat whatever plants exist in their area and escape from any new predators that arrive.
B)  If the pronghorn population includes genetic variation that allows survival and reproduction in the new conditions, they will adapt.
C)  If climate change is not too rapid, the pronghorn can produce new traits needed to survive and reproduce in the changed conditions.
D)  Because pronghorns will need to be cooler, their fur will become thinner.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

-Forest destruction would have the greatest impact on which arrow?

Accepted Answer

A)  arrow A
B)  arrow B
C)  arrow C
D)  arrow DE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
The largest estuary in the United States is the Chesapeake Bay, which extends through six states, including Maryland, Virginia, and Pennsylvania. The bay is one of the most productive natural areas in the world. It is home to thousands of plants and animals, including many commercially important species. The water of the bay is relatively shallow. Many areas are no more than 10 feet deep, with an average depth of 30 feet. Light penetrates the shallow water and supports the submerged plants that provide food and shelter for the many species living in the bay ecosystem. However, like many estuaries, the bay receives large amounts of fertilizer runoff from farms, lawns, and wastewater treatment facilities.
-Which of the following is the most probable sequence of events when fertilizer runoff reaches the bay?

Accepted Answer

A)  submerged vegetation increases, food for fish and shellfish increases, fish and shellfish populations increase
B)  phytoplankton population increases, food for fish and shellfish increases, fish and shellfish populations increase
C)  phytoplankton population increases, it blocks sunlight to submerged vegetation, submerged vegetation dies, fish and shellfish populations decrease
D)  submerged vegetation decreases, fish and shellfish feed on decaying plants, phytoplankton feed on fish and shellfish, commercial fisheries declineE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 8

The primary source of energy for hydrothermal vent communities is

Accepted Answer

A)  the heat of the water emerging from the vents.
B)  oxidation of petroleum compounds in the vent water.
C)  oxidation of hydrogen sulfide in the vent water.
D)  reduction of carbon dioxide in the vent water.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

The greatest annual input and least seasonal variation in solar radiation occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A)  Southern Hemisphere.
B)  temperate zones.
C)  tropics.
D)  polar regions.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following statements about temperate broadleaf forests is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Temperate broadleaf forests have a narrow range of temperatures over the course of a year.
B)  Oak, hickory, birch, beech, and maple are common trees in temperate broadleaf forests.
C)  Temperate broadleaf forests have very poor soil.
D)  Temperate broadleaf forests are less open than tropical rain forests.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

In which of the following biomes would you expect to find the highest abundance of large, grazing mammals?

Accepted Answer

A)  chaparral
B)  temperate grassland
C)  desert
D)  temperate forestE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following biomes is dominated by coniferous trees adapted to surviving long, harsh winters and short, wet summers?

Accepted Answer

A)  coniferous forests
B)  tundra
C)  temperate broadleaf forest
D)  savannaE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

If you travel through Ecuador from west to east, you will pass through tundra, taiga, temperate forest, and tropical forest. Which of the following climatic factors remains constant on such a trip?

Accepted Answer

A)  maximum temperature
B)  average rainfall
C)  soil type
D)  day lengthE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Species in widely separated but similar biomes often appear to display similar characteristics because of

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent evolution.
B)  coevolution.
C)  mutations.
D)  evolutionary drift.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 15

Why is the runoff from fertilized agricultural fields, even if free of pesticides, often harmful to the ecosystems of temperate lakes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fertilizer compounds are toxic to fish.
B)  The runoff causes heavy growth of algae, which eventually die and decompose, causing oxygen depletion.
C)  Runoff water pools at the lake's bottom, where the fertilizer compounds react with materials in the sediment to form toxic substances.
D)  The runoff is acid, and acidification kills key lake organisms.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

The adaptations of pronghorns

Accepted Answer

A)  to open country could be a disadvantage in a densely forested environment.
B)  include a reflective coat, an ability to find small pools of water, and chemical defenses against most predators.
C)  to the open plains and shrub deserts of North America have helped them spread to nearly every continent.
D)  demonstrate that meeting the demands of local environmental conditions helps organisms extend their ranges to other types of environments.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 17

Most of the best agricultural soils in the United States are found in areas that were formerly

Accepted Answer

A)  temperate grasslands.
B)  taiga forest.
C)  tropical rain forest.
D)  tundra.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

When people speak of the "rain shadow" of the Himalayan mountains, where the Gobi desert is, they are referring to the

Accepted Answer

A)  shadow cast by the mist and clouds that hover above the crest of the range.
B)  forested condition of the eastern flank of the range compared to the western flank.
C)  scarcity of rain on the eastern flank and adjacent lowlands compared to the western flank.
D)  dark-colored chaparral vegetation that grows on the eastern flank.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

-Which arrow in this image of the global water cycle includes transpiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  arrow A
B)  arrow B
C)  arrow C
D)  arrow DE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
California condors, large, predatory birds that were previously on the edge of extinction, have benefited from a program that raises birds in captivity and then releases them into the wild. The reintroduction program, however, is having variable success.
-Which of the following provides the best evidence to help develop a hypothesis about what is causing the difficulties faced by a coastal condor population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sea lions, food for condors along the coast, live near an old dumping ground for a chemical manufacturing plant and have a significant amount of DDT in their blubber.
B)  Air currents along the coast are stronger, allowing coastal condors to cover more area in their search for prey.
C)  California bans ammunition containing lead (Pb) to prevent lead ingestion by condors feeding on carcasses of animals shot by hunters but not retrieved.
D)  Hatching success in birds farther from the coast was greater than that in birds along the coast.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 34: the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

-Which arrow in this image of the global water cycle includes transpiration?

Correct Answer
verified

In which of the following biomes would you expect to find the highest abundance of large, grazing mammals?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about temperate broadleaf forests is true?

Correct Answer
verified

If you travel through Ecuador from west to east, you will pass through tundra, taiga, temperate forest, and tropical forest. Which of the following climatic factors remains constant on such a trip?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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-In what ways are zones A and C similar to other biomes?

Correct Answer
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Which of these is an example of natural selection acting on genetic variation resulting in evolutionary adaptation?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Species in widely separated but similar biomes often appear to display similar characteristics because of

Correct Answer
verified

The adaptations of pronghorns

Correct Answer
verified

The greatest annual input and least seasonal variation in solar radiation occurs in the

Correct Answer
verified

When people speak of the "rain shadow" of the Himalayan mountains, where the Gobi desert is, they are referring to the

Correct Answer
verified

Most of the best agricultural soils in the United States are found in areas that were formerly

Correct Answer
verified

Why is the runoff from fertilized agricultural fields, even if free of pesticides, often harmful to the ecosystems of temperate lakes?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following biomes is dominated by coniferous trees adapted to surviving long, harsh winters and short, wet summers?

Correct Answer
verified

The primary source of energy for hydrothermal vent communities is

Correct Answer
verified

-Forest destruction would have the greatest impact on which arrow?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is characteristic of the chaparral biome?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Exam 34: the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

-Which arrow in this image of the global water cycle includes transpiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following biomes would you expect to find the highest abundance of large, grazing mammals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about temperate broadleaf forests is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you travel through Ecuador from west to east, you will pass through tundra, taiga, temperate forest, and tropical forest. Which of the following climatic factors remains constant on such a trip?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-In what ways are zones A and C similar to other biomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is an example of natural selection acting on genetic variation resulting in evolutionary adaptation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Species in widely separated but similar biomes often appear to display similar characteristics because of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The adaptations of pronghorns

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The greatest annual input and least seasonal variation in solar radiation occurs in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people speak of the "rain shadow" of the Himalayan mountains, where the Gobi desert is, they are referring to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the best agricultural soils in the United States are found in areas that were formerly

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is the runoff from fertilized agricultural fields, even if free of pesticides, often harmful to the ecosystems of temperate lakes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following biomes is dominated by coniferous trees adapted to surviving long, harsh winters and short, wet summers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary source of energy for hydrothermal vent communities is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-Forest destruction would have the greatest impact on which arrow?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is characteristic of the chaparral biome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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