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We must be knowledgeable of how people behave in strategic situations if we are to understand


A) perfectly competitive markets.
B) monopolistically competitive markets.
C) oligopolistic markets.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Table 17-20 Nadia and Maddie are two college roommates who both prefer a clean common space in their dorm room, but neither enjoys cleaning. The roommates must each make a decision to either clean or not clean the dorm room's common space. The payoff table for this situation is provided below, where the higher a player's payoff number, the better off that player is. The payoffs in each cell are shown as (payoff for Nadia, payoff for Maddie) . Table 17-20 Nadia and Maddie are two college roommates who both prefer a clean common space in their dorm room, but neither enjoys cleaning. The roommates must each make a decision to either clean or not clean the dorm room's common space. The payoff table for this situation is provided below, where the higher a player's payoff number, the better off that player is. The payoffs in each cell are shown as (payoff for Nadia, payoff for Maddie) .   -Refer to Table 17-20. What is Maddie's dominant strategy? A) Maddie has no dominant strategy. B) Maddie should always choose Clean. C) Maddie should always choose Don't Clean. D) Maddie has two dominant strategies, Clean and Don't Clean, depending on the choice Nadia makes. -Refer to Table 17-20. What is Maddie's dominant strategy?


A) Maddie has no dominant strategy.
B) Maddie should always choose Clean.
C) Maddie should always choose Don't Clean.
D) Maddie has two dominant strategies, Clean and Don't Clean, depending on the choice Nadia makes.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Table 17-19 Consider a small town that has two grocery stores from which residents can choose to buy a loaf of bread. The store owners each must make a decision to set a high bread price or a low bread price. The payoff table, showing profit per week, is provided below. The profit in each cell is shown as (Store 1, Store 2) . Table 17-19 Consider a small town that has two grocery stores from which residents can choose to buy a loaf of bread. The store owners each must make a decision to set a high bread price or a low bread price. The payoff table, showing profit per week, is provided below. The profit in each cell is shown as (Store 1, Store 2) .   -Refer to Table 17-19. If grocery store 1 sets a high price, what price should grocery store 2 set? And what will grocery store 2's payoff equal? A) Low price, $400 B) High price, $50 C) Low price, $250 D) High price, $325 -Refer to Table 17-19. If grocery store 1 sets a high price, what price should grocery store 2 set? And what will grocery store 2's payoff equal?


A) Low price, $400
B) High price, $50
C) Low price, $250
D) High price, $325

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Oligopolies can end up looking like competitive markets if the number of firms is


A) large and they all cooperate.
B) large and they do not cooperate.
C) small and they all cooperate.
D) small and they do not cooperate.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Government regulators might suspect a firm of engaging in predatory pricing if it charges prices that seem to be too __________.

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Chrissy and Marvin are competitors in a local market and each is trying to decide if it is worthwhile to advertise. If both of them advertise, each will earn a profit of $10,000. If neither of them advertise, each will earn a profit of $20,000. If one advertises and the other doesn't, then the one who advertises will earn a profit of $30,000 and the other will earn $14,000. To earn the highest profit, Chrissy


A) should advertise, and she will earn $10,000.
B) should advertise, and she will earn $30,000.
C) should not advertise, and she will earn 20,000.
D) has no dominant strategy.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Why do economists use game theory to study the actions of firms in oligopoly markets but not in other markets?

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In oligopoly markets, there are a few fi...

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Table 17-37​ Two restaurants with a focus on Mexican dining operate in Texama. Both Mitch's Mexican and Tim's Tacos need to decide whether to add Zesty Queso or Fresh Guacamole to their menus. The circumstances are that each firm wants to add only one of the two choices on their menu. Below you will find the profits for the stores, shown as: (1) the payoff to Mitch; (2) the payoff to Tim. Table 17-37​ Two restaurants with a focus on Mexican dining operate in Texama. Both Mitch's Mexican and Tim's Tacos need to decide whether to add Zesty Queso or Fresh Guacamole to their menus. The circumstances are that each firm wants to add only one of the two choices on their menu. Below you will find the profits for the stores, shown as: (1)  the payoff to Mitch; (2)  the payoff to Tim.   ​ -Refer to Table 17-37. Based upon the information from the table, you can conclude that this game is an example of ​ A) ​a prisoner's dilemma. B) ​price discrimination. C) ​the game of chicken. D) ​a natural monopoly. ​ -Refer to Table 17-37. Based upon the information from the table, you can conclude that this game is an example of ​


A) ​a prisoner's dilemma.
B) ​price discrimination.
C) ​the game of chicken.
D) ​a natural monopoly.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Table 17-14 This table shows a game played between two players, A and B. The payoffs in the table are shown as (Payoff to A, Payoff to B) . Table 17-14 This table shows a game played between two players, A and B. The payoffs in the table are shown as (Payoff to A, Payoff to B) .   -Refer to Table 17-14. Which of the following statements about this game is true? A) Up is a dominant strategy for A and Right is a dominant strategy for B. B) Up is a dominant strategy for A and Left is a dominant strategy for B. C) Down is a dominant strategy for A and Right is a dominant strategy for B. D) Down is a dominant strategy for A and Left is a dominant strategy for B. -Refer to Table 17-14. Which of the following statements about this game is true?


A) Up is a dominant strategy for A and Right is a dominant strategy for B.
B) Up is a dominant strategy for A and Left is a dominant strategy for B.
C) Down is a dominant strategy for A and Right is a dominant strategy for B.
D) Down is a dominant strategy for A and Left is a dominant strategy for B.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Table 17-17 This table shows a game played between two firms, Firm A and Firm B. In this game each firm must decide how much output (Q) to produce: 2 units or 3 units. The profit for each firm is given in the table as (Profit for Firm A, Profit for Firm B) . Table 17-17 This table shows a game played between two firms, Firm A and Firm B. In this game each firm must decide how much output (Q)  to produce: 2 units or 3 units. The profit for each firm is given in the table as (Profit for Firm A, Profit for Firm B) .   -Refer to Table 17-17. In this game, A) neither player has a dominant strategy. B) both players have a dominant strategy. C) Firm A has a dominant strategy, but Firm B does not have a dominant strategy. D) Firm B has a dominant strategy, but Firm A does not have a dominant strategy. -Refer to Table 17-17. In this game,


A) neither player has a dominant strategy.
B) both players have a dominant strategy.
C) Firm A has a dominant strategy, but Firm B does not have a dominant strategy.
D) Firm B has a dominant strategy, but Firm A does not have a dominant strategy.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Briefly describe the practice of resale price maintenance.

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Resale price maintenance is a ...

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Suppose the market for home-grown peppers in the town of Smallville is comprised of two farmers. Explain why they might try to collude.

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The two farmers might try to collude abo...

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Figure 17-4. Aaron and Ed are roommates. After a big snowstorm, their driveway needs to be shoveled. Each person has to decide whether to take part in shoveling the driveway. At the end of the day, either the driveway will be shoveled (if one or both roommates take part in shoveling) , or it will remain unshoveled (if neither roommate shovels) . With happiness measured on a scale of 1 (very unhappy) to 10 (very happy) , the possible outcomes are as follows: Figure 17-4. Aaron and Ed are roommates. After a big snowstorm, their driveway needs to be shoveled. Each person has to decide whether to take part in shoveling the driveway. At the end of the day, either the driveway will be shoveled (if one or both roommates take part in shoveling) , or it will remain unshoveled (if neither roommate shovels) . With happiness measured on a scale of 1 (very unhappy)  to 10 (very happy) , the possible outcomes are as follows:   -Refer to Figure 17-4. In pursuing his own self-interest, Ed will A) refrain from shoveling whether or not Aaron shovels. B) shovel only if Aaron shovels. C) shovel only if Aaron refrains from shoveling. D) shovel whether or not Aaron shovels. -Refer to Figure 17-4. In pursuing his own self-interest, Ed will


A) refrain from shoveling whether or not Aaron shovels.
B) shovel only if Aaron shovels.
C) shovel only if Aaron refrains from shoveling.
D) shovel whether or not Aaron shovels.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Table 17-10 The table shows the demand schedule for a particular product. Table 17-10 The table shows the demand schedule for a particular product.   -Refer to Table 17-10. Suppose the market for this product is served by two firms who have formed a cartel and are colluding to set the price and quantity in this market. If the marginal cost to produce this product is constant at $40 per unit, then what price will the cartel set in this market? A) $40 B) $50 C) $60 D) $70 -Refer to Table 17-10. Suppose the market for this product is served by two firms who have formed a cartel and are colluding to set the price and quantity in this market. If the marginal cost to produce this product is constant at $40 per unit, then what price will the cartel set in this market?


A) $40
B) $50
C) $60
D) $70

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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As the number of sellers in an oligopoly becomes very large,


A) the quantity of output approaches the socially efficient quantity.
B) the price approaches marginal cost.
C) the price effect is diminished.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Scenario 17-1. ​ Assume that the countries of Irun and Urun are the only two producers of crude oil. Further assume that both countries have entered into an agreement to maintain certain production levels in order to maximize profits. In the world market for oil, the demand curve is downward sloping. -Refer to Scenario 17-1. As long as the combined level of output is less than the Nash equilibrium level, both Irun and Urun have the individual incentive to


A) hold production constant.
B) decrease production.
C) increase production.
D) increase price.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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In which of the following markets are strategic interactions among firms most likely to occur?


A) markets to which patent and copyright laws apply
B) the market for piano lessons
C) the market for tennis balls
D) the market for corn

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Figure 17-1 Figure 17-1   -Refer to Figure 17-1. Suppose this market is served by two firms who each face the marginal cost curve shown in the diagram and have zero fixed cost. The marginal revenue curve that a monopolist would face in this market is also shown. If the firms are able to collude successfully, each firm should earn a profit equal to A) $1. B) $2. C) $4. D) $6. -Refer to Figure 17-1. Suppose this market is served by two firms who each face the marginal cost curve shown in the diagram and have zero fixed cost. The marginal revenue curve that a monopolist would face in this market is also shown. If the firms are able to collude successfully, each firm should earn a profit equal to


A) $1.
B) $2.
C) $4.
D) $6.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Table 17-25 There are just two producers of a certain product. Each is considering offering promotional discounts. Table 17-25 There are just two producers of a certain product. Each is considering offering promotional discounts.   -Refer to Table 17-25. The dominant strategy A) for both firms is to offer the discount. B) for both firms is to not offer the discount. C) for firm A is to offer the discount. The dominant strategy for firm B is to not offer the discount. D) for firm A is to not offer the discount. The dominant strategy for firm B is to offer the discount. -Refer to Table 17-25. The dominant strategy


A) for both firms is to offer the discount.
B) for both firms is to not offer the discount.
C) for firm A is to offer the discount. The dominant strategy for firm B is to not offer the discount.
D) for firm A is to not offer the discount. The dominant strategy for firm B is to offer the discount.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Resale price maintenance prevents retailers from competing on price.

A) True
B) False

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